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鲁教版初二下册第10单元教案

一.  学习目标：

1.      学习本单元的单词短语、重点句子、语法。

2.      了解反意疑问句的用法。

二、　【单元目标】

Ⅰ．单词与短语

cost　 cross　 low 　sandy slow 　somewhere 　review　 traffic　 note　 holiday　elevator bookstore 　umbrella　 noon
　look through　浏览　get along　 相信　at least　至少　be careful小心；当心
hate doing sth.  讨厌做某事tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人关于某事

Ⅱ．目标句型：

1. It’s a nice day，isn’t it?
2. What a nice day，isn’t it?
3. It looks like rain，doesn’t?
4. I hope so / not.
5. So do I.

Ⅲ．语法

反意疑问句

【重难点分析】
一. 反意疑问句

反意疑问句是对陈述句所叙述的事实提出看法，问对方同不同意。它的结构由两部分组成：陈述句＋简短问句。如果前一部分为肯定形式，后一部分用否定形式；前一部分为否定形式，后一部分就用肯定形式。一般来说，简短问句主语人称的数、动词时态应和陈述部分的主语人称的数、动词时态相一致。
如：Mary likes reading，doesn’t she？
玛丽喜欢读书，是吧？
（前一部分为肯定形式，后一部分用否定形式）
Mary doesn’t like reading，does she？
玛丽不喜欢读书，是吧？
（前一部分为否定形式，后一部分就用肯定形式）
You’re a new student，aren’t you？
你是新来的学生，对吧？
（前一部分为肯定形式，后一部分用否定形式）
You aren’t a new student，are you？
你不是新来的，对吧？
（前一部分为否定形式，后一部分就用肯定形式）
1. 如果陈述句有一个助动词（包括can，must，need等情态动词），其简短问句用同一个助动词。
　 例如：
　 You haven’t seen that film，have you？
　 你没有看过那部电影，是吗？
　 He can swim，can’t he？　 他会游泳，对吗？
2. 如果陈述部分包含no，never，hardly，few，little，scarcely等否定词，简短问句部分应用肯定形式。　 例如：
　 You have no time on Monday，have you？
　 星期一你没有时间，是吗？
　 He has never been to Shanghai，has he？
　 他从没去过上海，对吗？
　 They can hardly imagine how beautiful she is，can they？
　 他们很难想象出她是多么漂亮，是吗？
3. 陈述句部分是there be句型时，简短问句部分也用there be。
　 例如： There are some people in the room，aren’t there？
　 教室里有人，是吗？
4. 在英语口语中，I am后面的简短问句用aren't I？
　 例如：　 I’m late，aren’t I？
　 我迟到了，是吗？
5. 当陈述句部分含有否定词如nothing，nobody等不定代词时，简短问句部分应用肯定结构。为避免重复，用代词it来代替nothing；用they或he来代替nobody。　 例如：
　 Everything goes well，doesn’t it？
　 一切顺利，是吗？
　 Everyone is here，aren’t they？
 （注意：此句问句与前句动词的数不一致。）
6. 祈使句后面的简短问句使用 will you？won’t you？would you？can you？can’t you？ would you？ shall we？它们不是真正的疑问句（意为请），但常用升调。won't用于邀请；will，would，can，can’t及shall we用来告诉人们该做什么事，表请求。 例如：
　 Do sit down，won’t you？　 您请坐。
　 Give me a pen，will you？　 请给我一支笔。
　 Open the door，would you？　 请打开门好吗？
　 Let’s go together，shall we？　 咱们一起走吧。
7. 在 I think，I believe，I suppose，I guess等结构中，简短问句的主语往往与从句的主谓保持一致，　 例如：
 　I think she’s out，isn’t she？　 我想她出去了，是吗？
　 I don’t believe it’s true，is it？　 我认为那不是真的，对吗？
　 注意：

在回答反意疑问句的问题时，如果回答是肯定的，要用yes，否定的要用no，在第一部分是否定形式时要特别注意，这时的英语回答与汉语回答是有区别的。例如：――――This isn’t yours，is it? 　 这不是你的，是吗？
　 ――――Yes，it is.　/　 No，it isn’t.
　             不，是我的。/对，不是我的。

二. 时间介词in，on，at

1. in（1）表示在较长的时间里（如周／月份／季节／年份／世纪等）。
　如in a week； in May； in spring／summer／autumn／winter； in 2008； in the 1990’s等。
（2）表示在上午、下午或晚上。如：in the morning／afternoon／evening。
（3）in the daytime（在白天） 属于固定搭配，指从日出到日落这一段时间，反义词组是in the night。
（4）“in ＋ 一段时间”表示“多久以后／以内”，常与将来时连用。
 如： in half an hour；in ten minutes；in a few days等。
2. on 后面所接的时间多与日期有关。具体用法有：
（1）表示在具体的某一天（如日期、生日、节日或星期几）。
 如： on May 4th，1919；on Monday；on Teachers’Day；on my birthday；on that day等。　
（2）表示某一天的上午、下午或晚上。
如：on the morning of July 2；on Sunday afternoon；on a cold winter evening等。
3. at具体用法有：
（1）表示在某一具体时刻，即几点几分。
 如：at six o’clock； at half past nine； at a quarter to six； at this time等。
（2）表示在某一短暂的时间。
 如：at noon；at this moment；at the end of a year；at the start of the concert等。
（3）It lasts from June to August.

三. last　 v 持续为延续性动词，可与一段时间及How long 连用
如： merica Civil War lasted for four years. 美国内战持续了四年。
    Our holidays lasted for ten days. 我们休了十天假。

四. borrow，lend和keep的区别：

这三个词在汉语中都可译为“借”，但其用法不同，不能互换。对于动词的主语是“借进”则用borrow，其句型为“borrow…from…”
如： 　I borrowed a book from the school library this afternoon.
今天我从图书馆借了一本书。

对于动词的主语是“借出”则用lend，其句型为“lend…to…”
如： I can lend my bike to you，but you mustn't lend it to others.
我可以把我的自行车借给你，但你一定不要把它借给别人。
如果所借的东西要保留一段时间，用keep。
如： “How long can I keep the book?”“Two　weeks.”
“这本书我可以借多久？”“两个星期。”

三、阅读理解

 (A)

Once upon a time, there lived a rich man. He had a servant (仆人). He and the servant loved wine and good food very much. Each time the rich man left his home, the servant would drink the wine and eat up all the nice food in the house. The rich man knew what his servant did, but he had never caught his servant doing that.

One morning, when he left home, he said to the servant, “Here are two bottles of poison (毒药) and some nice food in the house. You must take of them.” With these words, he went out.

But the servant knew that the rich man had said was untrue. After the rich man was away from his home, he enjoyed a nice meal. Because he drank too much, he was drunk and fell to the ground. When the rich man came back, he couldn’t find his food and his wine. He became very angry. He woke the servant up. But the servant told his story very well. He said a cat had eaten up everything. He was afraid to be punished, so he drank the poison to kill himself.

( )1.In the story, _______ liked wine and good food very much.
A. the rich man B. the servant C. both A and B D. neither A and B

( )2.The rich man knew that it was _______ that drank the wine and ate up all the nice food.
A. the cat  B. himself C. nobody 　D. the servant

( )3.The rich told the servant that there was poison in the two bottles, because ________.
A. there was in fact poison in the bottles
B. did not want the servant to drink his wine
C. he wanted to kill the cat
D. he wanted to kill the servant

( )4.In fact, _______ ate all the nice food and drank the wine.
A. the servant B. cat C. the rich man D. nobody

( )5.From the story, we know that the servant is very _______.
A. lazy B. bad C. clever D. kind

(B)

Most American families are smaller than the families in other countries. Most American families have one or two parents and one or two children each.

Children in the US will leave their parents’ home when they grow up. They usually live far from their parents because they want to find good jobs. They often write to their parents or telephone them. And they often go to visit their parents on holiday.

Parents usually let their children choose their own jobs. Americans think it important for young people to decide on their lives by themselves.

Children are asked to do some work around their house. And in many families, children are paid for doing some housework so that they learn how to make money for their own use.

( )6.The size of most American families is ________ that of other countries.A. larger than B. smaller than C. as big asD. as small as

( )7.When children grow up, they leave their parents’ home to _________.
A. get married B. be free C. find good jobs D. study
( )8.They visit their parents ________.
A. on weekdays B. on weekends C. at any time D. on holiday

( )9.Which of the following statements is WRONG?
A. Children have the freedom to choose their own job.
B. Parents don’t ask their children to do the housework.
C. Parents think it important for children to make their own decision.
D. When children grow up, they usually live far away from their home.

( )10.Some parents pay their children for doing housework because ___________.
A. children can learn how to make money for themselves
B. their children required them to do so
C. they are rich
D. it is required by law

答案：（A） 1. C 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. C 　（B） 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. A

四、教（学）后记：

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